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Size range and international standards of C10100 copper rods:
Size range:
Diameter range:
Conventional standards: According to ASTM B187, the diameter range of C10100 copper rods is 3-800mm for round rods, 4x4mm to 100x100mm for square rods, and 295x1066mm for rectangular rods.
Drawing and annealing process: Conductive copper rods produced by drawing (H50) and annealing (060) have a diameter range of 3-80mm (minimum 3mm).
Other specifications: According to some commercial data, the standard diameter of C10100 copper round rods covers 4-250mm, and the length can be customized; the diameter of oxygen-free copper rods by extrusion process can reach 2.5-10mm.
Length and shape:
Conventional length is 600x1500mm (plate), 12 feet (about 3.66 meters) "Mill Lengths", or customized according to customer needs.
Other forms include flat bars (thickness 0.25-1.25 inches, width 0.75-4 inches), hexagonal bars, square bars, etc.
International standards:
ASTM standards:
ASTM B187: Covers the mechanical properties, dimensional tolerances and chemical composition requirements of C10100 copper bars, applicable to round bars, square bars, rectangular bars, etc.
ASTM F68: Some C10100 products must comply with this standard, especially in electronic and electrical applications.
SAE specification CA101: Corresponds to the chemical composition and performance of C10100.
Other international standards:
ASME, GB, DIN, JIS, etc.: C10100 copper bars can meet the standards of many countries, such as China's GB/T 5231 (chemical composition requirements for conductive copper bars) and Japan's JIS H3250-2006.
NACE MR0175/ISO 15156: Corrosion resistance certification for specific environments (such as the oil and gas industry).
Production and testing standards:
Dimensional tolerances follow ASTMA-484, DIN 1013, etc., and the conductivity must meet the high conductivity requirements of oxygen-free copper (Oxygen-Free, OF) (≥97%).
The chemical composition requires copper content ≥99.99% (C10100), and impurities such as iron ≤0.03%.
The chemical composition of C10100 oxygen-free copper varies slightly in different standards:
Core ingredients
Copper (Cu): ≥99.99% (most standards), some standards are ≥99.97% (Cu+Ag) or >99.95%.
Oxygen (O): usually ≤0.001% (10ppm), but some standards are relaxed to ≤0.03% or ≤0.002%.
Impurity elements (maximum content)
Lead (Pb): ≤0.001% (common), occasionally ≤0.003%.
Sulfur (S): ≤0.0018% or ≤0.004%.
Phosphorus (P): ≤0.0003% or ≤0.002%.
Zinc (Zn): ≤0.0001% or ≤0.003%.
Other elements (such as Ca, Hg, Se, Te, Bi, As, etc.): all ≤0.0001%~0.002%.
C10100 is a high-purity oxygen-free copper (OFHC) whose mechanical properties vary significantly depending on the material state (such as annealing, cold working, etc.).
1. Tensile strength and yield strength
Annealed state (O state): tensile strength ranges from 200-235 MPa, and yield strength ≥80 MPa.
Cold working state: With the increase of cold working degree, the strength increases significantly:
1/2 hard state (1/2H): tensile strength ≥250 MPa, yield strength ≥350 MPa.
Full hard state (H): tensile strength can reach 300-455 MPa, and yield strength can reach up to 400 MPa.
Extreme cold working (such as EH state): tensile strength can be further increased to 550 MPa (other alloy states may refer to similar trends).
2. Elongation
Annealed state: the elongation is the highest, up to 35%-55%.
After cold working: the elongation drops significantly, such as ≥15% in 1/2H state and ≥2% in full hard state (H). Some data mention that the minimum elongation is ≥8%, which may correspond to a medium degree of cold working.
3. Hardness
Vickers hardness (HV): annealed state is about 75-90 HV, full hard state (H) can reach 90-120 HV.
Rockwell hardness: Rockwell F hardness is 40-100, Rockwell 30T hardness is 27-70.
4. Elasticity and shear properties
Elastic modulus: tensile modulus is 115 GPa, shear modulus is 44 GPa.
Poisson's ratio: 0.31-0.34.
5. Other mechanical properties
Shear strength: 150-240 MPa.
Fatigue strength and impact toughness: After cold hardening, the impact strength is improved, but the specific values need to refer to experimental data.
Creep resistance: High-purity oxygen-free copper shows good creep resistance.
6. Effect of state on performance
Annealing treatment (500-700°C): restore ductility and reduce strength.
Cold working (such as rolling, drawing): significantly improve strength, but sacrifice ductility.
Recrystallization temperature: The recrystallization starting temperature after cold hardening is 200-300°C.
Processing performance:
Supports rolling, drawing, forging, deep drawing and complex forming (such as waveguides, cavity resonators).
Good weldability, can use a variety of welding techniques, and no risk of hydrogen embrittlement
C10100 copper rod production process and products:
1. Production process
Raw material pretreatment
C10100 is a high-purity oxygen-free copper (purity 99.99%), mainly using electrolytic copper or high-purity copper ingots as raw materials, supplemented by zinc ingots and other alloy components (if performance needs to be adjusted). The raw materials need to undergo radiation detection and manual sorting to remove impurities to ensure purity.
Melting and impurity removal
The raw materials are melted at normal pressure by heating to about 1100°C in an electric furnace or an industrial frequency furnace.
Add slag removers (such as slag removers) to remove oxides and impurities in the molten copper liquid and improve the material density.
The smoke and slag are processed by wet screening, and part of the slag can be reused to reduce waste.
Forming and processing
Extrusion method: The mainstream process in China, the copper liquid is extruded into rods through a reverse extruder (such as 38MN-level equipment), which significantly improves the density and surface smoothness.
Continuous casting + stretching: The molten copper is continuously cast, and then the oxide layer is removed by hot extrusion and skinning, and finally annealed to optimize the microstructure.
Cold/hot processing: The hardness and mechanical properties are adjusted through cold drawing, rolling and other processes to meet different application requirements.
Post-processing
Cut into the required length, and the scraps are recycled for smelting.
Annealing treatment (such as box annealing furnace) eliminates internal stress and improves ductility.
Surface polishing or grinding to ensure smoothness and conductivity.
2. Product advantages
Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity
The electrical conductivity is as high as 101% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), suitable for high-precision electronic components, radiators and busbars.
Excellent thermal conductivity, used in heat exchangers and computer cooling systems.
High strength and high rigidity
Through cold/hot processing (such as extrusion, stretching), the tensile strength is ≥295 MPa, and the hardness is moderate (H04 grade), which can withstand high loads and complex stress environments.
The material has high density and strong resistance to extrusion and deformation.
Excellent processing performance
Good hot and cold forming properties, can be forged into wires, plates, pipes and other forms.
Easy to weld and plate, convenient for combining with other materials.
Corrosion resistance and hydrogen embrittlement resistance
The high-purity oxygen-free property (oxygen content ≤ 0.0005%) makes it stable in humid or corrosive environments, and has outstanding resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
Surface antioxidant treatment extends service life.
Environmental protection and economy
Short process technical transformation projects (such as Hailiang Co., Ltd.'s 18,000-ton project) reduce energy consumption and improve the yield rate through automation.
Recycling of scraps meets resource conservation requirements.
Wide application areas
Electrical field: wires, cables, brushes, contactors.
Industrial equipment: flame spray nozzles, welding electrodes, chemical equipment.
High-end manufacturing: aerospace components, precision machinery parts.
Q1:Do you provide samples? Is it free or extra?
A1:Yes, we can provide samples free of charge and the customer will pay the freight.
Q2:What if I don't have export experience ?
A2:We have reliable forwarder agent which can ship items to you by sea/air/Express to your doorstep. Any way, we will help you choose the most suitable shipping service.
Q3:How long is your lead time?
A3:If it is in stock, it is usually 5-10 days. Or, if there is no inventory, 15 days, depending on the quantity.
Q4:What are your terms of payment?
A4:30% T/T deposit in advance, 70% T/T balance within 5 days after B/L copy, 100%.Irrevocable L/C at sight, 100% Irrevocable L/C after receive B/L 30-120 days, O/A.
Q5:How is your technical support?
A5:We provide lifetime online support through Whatsapp/ Skype/ Wechat/ Email. Any problem after delivery, we will offer you call anytime.
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