C95400 copper bushing production process

1. Casting process

The casting process of C95400 copper bushing adopts semi-continuous casting technology, combined with centrifugal casting to optimize the internal structure. The specific process includes:

Smelting and pouring

The raw materials are selected from high-purity copper (≥83%), aluminum (10.5-11.5%), iron (3-5%), nickel (≤1.5%) and other elements, and electromagnetic stirring is used to ensure uniform composition.

The melting temperature is controlled at 1025-1040℃, and water-cooled metal molds are used for directional solidification to reduce pores and inclusions.

Molding process

Centrifugal casting method: The centrifugal force generated by the rotating mold is used to evenly distribute the molten metal, improve the density of the casting (up to 7.45g/cm³) and the consistency of mechanical properties.

Water quenching is performed immediately after casting to prevent grain coarsening and improve the density of the material.

3. Heat treatment

Solution treatment: 870-910℃ for ≥1 hour, water quenching to refine grains and increase tensile strength to ≥586MPa.

Annealing treatment: 620-660℃ air cooling to eliminate residual stress and balance ductility (elongation ≥12%).

II. Machining technology

Roughing and finishing

Use CNC machine tools for turning and milling, with roughing error controlled at ±0.1mm and finishing accuracy of ±0.01mm.

For large-diameter thin-walled bushings, special fixtures are used to reduce clamping deformation, and centrifugal casting preforming reduces subsequent processing.

Surface strengthening

Laser quenching: surface hardness is increased to 200HB, and wear resistance is increased by 30%.

Coating technology: chrome plating or spraying ceramic coating, the corrosion resistance life is extended to more than twice that of ordinary bronze.

Quality control

Implement ISO 9001 standards, and use spectrometers and metallographic microscopes to monitor composition and microstructure.

Non-destructive testing (ultrasonic, penetrant testing) ensures that there are no internal defects.

C95400 copper bushing product advantages

1. Excellent mechanical properties

High strength characteristics

Tensile strength 586-710MPa, yield strength 221-360MPa, better than tin bronze (such as C63000).

After heat treatment, the tensile strength can be increased to ≥655MPa, suitable for high-load bearings and gears.

Wear resistance and fatigue resistance

Brinell hardness 160-200HB, low friction coefficient, the wear rate in heavy-duty worm gear and hydraulic cylinder applications is only 1/3 of ordinary bronze.

High corrosion fatigue strength, life under cyclic load is more than 10^7 times.

2. Environmental adaptability

Corrosion resistance

The corrosion rate in seawater environment is only 0.1mm/a, and the impedance value is 10^5Ω·cm², which is better than 316L stainless steel.

Resistant to stress corrosion cracking and dezincification, suitable for offshore platform valve bodies and chemical pump components.

High temperature stability

Thermal conductivity is 59W/m·K, it can work for a long time at 230℃, and the high temperature oxidation rate is 40% lower than that of ordinary bronze.

The thermal expansion coefficient is 16.2×10^-6/℃ (0-250℃), which matches steel parts and reduces thermal stress.

3. Application economy

Cost-effectiveness

The material cost is about 20% lower than that of C63000 with high nickel content, which is suitable for mass production of ship bushings and valve seats.

The service life cycle cost is low, the maintenance cycle is extended by 50%, and the downtime loss is reduced.

Processing flexibility

Good weldability, supports brazing and laser welding, and the repair cost is 60% lower than the overall replacement.

Support customized size (diameter 10-200mm) to meet special needs such as aerospace landing gear bushings.