C61400 Aluminum Bronze bar/rod
C61400 is an aluminum bronze alloy primarily composed of copper (Cu) with 6.0–7.5% aluminum (Al), ≤0.2% zinc (Zn), and ≤0.015% phosphorus (P), maintaining a total copper content (including silver) of ≥99.5% . Renowned for its excellent corrosion resistance in marine, acidic, and non-oxidizing environments, combined with high mechanical strength and wear resistance, it is widely used in high-stress applications such as fasteners, valve components, condenser systems, and marine hardware . The alloy exhibits good weldability via inert gas or shielded metal-arc welding and maintains ductility across cold/hot working processes .
Parameter
Chemical Composition
Mechanical Properties

C61400 Copper Rod Dimensions

C61400 rods are typically produced in round cross-sections with the following dimensional ranges:

  • Diameter: 1.0 mm to 500 mm (commonly 6–300 mm for industrial applications) .
  • Length: 0.5 m to 30 m (standard lengths often cut to 6 m) .
    Tolerances for diameter and straightness align with international standards, ensuring precision for machining and structural integration.

International Standards for C61400 Rods

C61400 rods comply with key global standards, focusing on composition, mechanical properties, and dimensional consistency:

  1. ASTM B150/B150M (ASME SB150):

    • Specifies requirements for aluminum bronze rods (UNS C61400) in terms of chemical composition, tensile strength (≥655 MPa), yield strength (≥330 MPa), and elongation (≥14% in 50 mm) .
    • Covers temper designations (e.g., HR50, H04) for drawn/stress-relieved or hardened rods .
  2. JIS H 3250/H325-2006:

    • Japanese standards for copper alloy rods, defining dimensional tolerances, mechanical properties, and surface quality. Applies to round rods with diameters ≥1.0 mm .
  3. DIN EN 13601:2013:

    • German/EU standard for electrical-grade copper rods, though C61400’s use in structural applications may require supplementary adherence to DIN-specific mechanical testing protocols .

Chemical Composition (Weight Percentage)

C61400 is an aluminum bronze alloy with the following typical composition according to ASTM standards (e.g., ASTM B150/B150M-2012) :

ElementMinimum (%)Maximum (%)Notes
Copper (Cu) + Silver (Ag)88.092.5Base metal, provides ductility and electrical conductivity
Aluminum (Al)6.08.0Enhances strength and corrosion resistance
Iron (Fe)1.53.5Improves hardness and wear resistance
Manganese (Mn)-1.0Aids in deoxidation and grain refinement
Zinc (Zn)-0.20Limited to avoid adverse effects on corrosion resistance
Lead (Pb)-0.01Strictly controlled for purity
Phosphorus (P)-0.015Minimized to prevent brittleness
Silicon (Si)-0.10Trace amounts (if present)

Key Notes:

  • The high aluminum content (6–8%) distinguishes it as a aluminum bronze, not a nickel-based alloy . Earlier references mentioning high nickel (12–18% Ni) likely conflated C61400 with other copper-nickel alloys .
  • Strict limits on impurities (Pb, P) ensure optimal mechanical and corrosion-resistant properties .

Mechanical Properties

C61400 exhibits a balance of high strength, ductility, and wear resistance, making it suitable for demanding industrial applications.

2.1 Basic Mechanical Properties
PropertyValue Range
Tensile Strength≥550 MPa (≥80 ksi)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)≥275 MPa (≥40 ksi)
Elongation (δ10)≥30%
Hardness120–150 HB (Brinell)
Shear Strength370–380 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity110 GPa
Poisson’s Ratio0.34
2.2 Performance Under Specific Conditions
  • Thermal Properties:

    • Melting Point: 1045–1110°C
    • Thermal Conductivity: 67.5 W/m·K
    • Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: 16 µm/m·K (0–250°C) .
  • Electrical Conductivity:

    • 14–15% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), lower than pure copper but sufficient for electrical components .
  • Fatigue and Wear Resistance:

    • Excellent resistance to wear and galling, ideal for bearings, gears, and marine components
INTRODUCTION

Production process and product advantages of C61400 copper rod:


1. Production process

Raw material processing and smelting

The production of C61400 copper rod usually uses scrap copper and high-purity cathode copper as the main raw materials. After the raw materials are inspected by radiation and manually sorted to remove impurities, they enter the smelting stage. The smelting temperature is controlled at 1050℃-1100℃, and alloy materials such as electrolytic copper and zinc ingots are added to adjust the composition. At the same time, slag removers and industrial salts are used for refining to improve purity.


2. Extrusion molding and processing


Extrusion process: A large-tonnage reverse extruder (such as 38MN equipment) is used to form copper ingots through high-pressure extrusion. This process can cover a variety of alloy grades, improve product density and surface smoothness, reduce bruises, and significantly improve the yield rate.

Subsequent processing: The extruded copper rods need to go through processes such as stretching, sawing, annealing (such as natural gas heating to 800℃), pickling, lubrication, etc., and finally pass quality inspection and packaging.

Short process technology: Some companies use continuous casting and automated production lines to shorten the production cycle and reduce energy consumption.

Environmental protection and energy saving

Low-carbon technologies such as variable frequency energy-saving motors and natural gas heating are applied in the production process, and scraps are recycled (sold or recycled) to reduce solid waste emissions.

2. Product advantages

Excellent mechanical properties

High strength: The ultimate strength can reach 600 MPa, which is suitable for the manufacture of heavy machinery parts (such as wear-resistant gears and marine composite plates).

High wear resistance: It exhibits excellent anti-scouring and wear resistance in chemical equipment and marine engineering.

Excellent corrosion resistance

In marine environments and oxygen-containing conditions, C61400 copper rods form a dense oxide film due to the aluminum bronze component (containing aluminum, iron and other elements), and the corrosion resistance is far superior to ordinary copper alloys, especially suitable for condenser tubes, corrosion-resistant containers and other scenes.

Good processing performance

Good hot and cold processing, can be customized by bending, welding, punching and other processing.

Excellent weldability and ductility, suitable for complex parts manufacturing.

Thermal properties and conductivity


Thermal conductivity: As aluminum bronze, its thermal conductivity is better than mold steel. When used in plastic molds, it can shorten the cooling time by 40% and improve production efficiency.

It has moderate conductivity and is suitable for electrical connectors and electronic components (such as brushes and terminals).

Wide application areas

It covers marine engineering, chemical equipment, machinery manufacturing (such as bathroom hardware, auto parts), electrical engineering and aerospace.

FAQ

Q1:Do you provide samples? Is it free or extra?
A1:Yes, we can provide samples free of charge and the customer will pay the freight.
Q2:What if I don't have export experience ?
A2:We have reliable forwarder agent which can ship items to you by sea/air/Express to your doorstep. Any way, we will help you choose the most suitable shipping service.
Q3:How long is your lead time?
A3:If it is in stock, it is usually 5-10 days. Or, if there is no inventory, 15 days, depending on the quantity.
Q4:What are your terms of payment?
A4:30% T/T deposit in advance, 70% T/T balance within 5 days after B/L copy, 100%.Irrevocable L/C at sight, 100% Irrevocable L/C after receive B/L 30-120 days, O/A.
Q5:How is your technical support?
A5:We provide lifetime online support through Whatsapp/ Skype/ Wechat/ Email. Any problem after delivery, we will offer you call anytime.

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