C16200 Cadmium Copper (CDA 162) wire
C16200 (CuCd1) is a cadmium-copper alloy containing 0.8–1.3% cadmium as the primary alloying element, with the remainder being copper . This alloy is renowned for its unique combination of high tensile strength (196–689 MPa) and high electrical conductivity (80–90% IACS), which makes it suitable for applications requiring both mechanical durability and efficient electrical performance . The addition of cadmium enhances resistance to softening, stress relaxation, and fatigue while minimally reducing conductivity . Historically, C16200 was widely used in telephone cords, heating blankets, aerospace wiring, oil exploration signal wires, railway catenary systems, and military applications (e.g., torpedo guide wires) . However, due to cadmium’s toxicity and carcinogenicity, its use has declined, with RoHS-compliant alternatives like C15000 (CuZr) and C18100 (CuCrZr) replacing it .
Parameter
Chemical Composition
Mechanical Properties

Dimensional Specifications for C16200 Copper Wire

C16200 wire is typically produced in round cross-sections with diameters ranging from 0.1 mm to 6.0 mm, depending on the manufacturing standard and application requirements . Key dimensional tolerances and specifications are governed by international standards:

  1. Diameter Tolerances:
    • For general-purpose wire, tolerances follow BS EN 13602:2013 (Table 6), which defines permissible deviations based on nominal diameter and tolerance class (e.g., Class 2 for tighter tolerances) .
    • Example: A 1.0 mm diameter wire may have a tolerance of ±0.01 mm under stringent quality control.
  2. Mechanical Processing:

    • C16200 wire is available in soft (annealed), hard-drawn, and spring-tempered conditions, with tensile strength varying from 241 MPa (soft) to 689 MPa (hard-drawn) .

    • Cold working (e.g., drawing) is commonly used to enhance strength and spring properties .

International Standards for C16200 Copper Wire

C16200 wire complies with the following standards, ensuring consistency in composition, mechanical properties, and dimensions:

  1. ASTM Standards:
    • ASTM B105: Specifies requirements for copper alloy wire for electrical conductors .
    • ASTM B224: Covers classification of copper alloys, including C16200 .
  2. European Standards:
    • DIN 17666: Defines cadmium-copper alloys (CuCd1) for electrical applications .
    • BS EN 13602:2013: Outlines dimensional tolerances and ductility requirements for round copper wire .
  3. Chinese Standards:
    • GB/T 21652-2017: Specifies requirements for copper alloy wires, including C16200, with diameter ranges of 0.1–6.0 mm .
  4. Industry-Specific Standards:

    • SAE J461/J463: Governs material properties for automotive and aerospace applications .
    • RoHS Compliance: C16200 is restricted under RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU due to cadmium content, limiting its use in modern electronics .





Detailed Chemical Composition of C16200 Copper

C16200 is a cadmium copper alloy primarily composed of copper (Cu) with a controlled addition of cadmium (Cd) and trace impurities. The chemical composition is standardized as follows:

  • Cadmium (Cd): 0.70–1.20% (key alloying element for strength enhancement) .
  • Iron (Fe): ≤0.02% (maximum allowable impurity) .
  • Copper (Cu): Balance (~98.6–99.3%) .

  • Other impurities (total): ≤0.5% (e.g., Pb, Sn, Zn, etc.) .

This composition balances high electrical conductivity with mechanical strength, making it suitable for demanding electrical and structural applications.


Mechanical Properties of C16200 Copper

The mechanical properties of C16200 vary depending on its processing state (e.g., age-hardened, cold-drawn, or annealed). Key properties include:

1. Tensile and Yield Strength

  • Tensile Strength (Ultimate):
    • Age-hardened & cold-drawn: 550 MPa (80 ksi) .
    • Annealed condition: 240–380 MPa (35–55 ksi) .
  • Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):
    • Age-hardened: 470 MPa (68 ksi) .
    • Annealed: 48–140 MPa (7–20 ksi) .

2. Elastic Modulus and Ductility

  • Elastic Modulus (Young’s Modulus): 120 GPa (17,000 ksi) .
  • Elongation at Break:
    • Cold-drawn: 2–10% .
    • Annealed: Up to 56% .

3. Fatigue and Shear Strength

  • Fatigue Strength: 100–210 MPa (15–30 ksi) .
  • Shear Strength: 190–390 MPa (28–57 ksi) .

4. Hardness

  • Rockwell Hardness (B Scale):
    • Cold-worked: 65–85 HRB .
    • Annealed: 40–60 HRB .

5. Thermal Stability

  • Maximum Service Temperature: 370°C (698°F) (short-term) .
  • Resistance to Stress Relaxation: Excellent due to cadmium’s stabilizing effect .

6. Formability and Fabrication

  • Cold Working: Excellent; suitable for drawing, stamping, and forming .
  • Hot Working: Limited; recommended temperature range: 760–871°C (1400–1600°F) .
  • Weldability:
    • Recommended methods: Soldering, brazing, and resistance butt welding .
    • Not recommended: Coated metal arc, spot, or seam welding .
INTRODUCTION

Production process and product advantages of C16200 copper wire:


1. Production process

Raw material preparation and melting and casting

The production starts with copper rods, and copper billets are prepared through melting and casting processes.

It is mentioned that milling treatment is required after melting and casting to ensure surface quality.


Stretching and annealing


Rough stretching: Use a large drawing machine to perform preliminary stretching on the copper rod, and lubricate it with emulsion to reduce friction.


Annealing treatment: Annealing is required after stretching to eliminate internal stress. The annealing temperature is between 371°C and 648°C, or high-temperature steam annealing is used.


and

Both mentioned that annealing is a core step that can improve the ductility of the material.


Multi-pass wire drawing: Multiple stretching is performed through a multi-head wire drawing machine. The micro-drawing process uses 24-pass die wire drawing technology, and the minimum diameter can reach 0.015mm.

Wire stranding and tinning


The wire stranding machine twists the copper wire to enhance flexibility.

Some products need to be tinned, and flux and tin are added to improve welding performance. Organic waste gas needs to be treated during the process.

Inspection and packaging


Inspection equipment detects wire quality, and unqualified products are returned to the melting section for reprocessing.

The finished product is finally packaged by an automatic film winding machine.

2. Product advantages

High strength and high conductivity

Contains 0.7%-1.2% cadmium. The addition of cadmium significantly improves the tensile strength (up to 690 MPa in hard state)

, while maintaining a high conductivity of 90% IACS, breaking through the limitation that traditional copper alloys are difficult to achieve both strength and conductivity.


Excellent processing performance


Both cold and hot processing performance are excellent, indicating that it is suitable for a variety of forming processes. However,

It is mentioned that the hot forming performance is poor, which may vary depending on the specific process conditions.

Supports welding (such as oxyacetylene welding, gas shielded welding) and forging (760-871°C), and the annealing temperature is flexible (371-648°C).

Corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance


Good corrosion resistance, suitable for harsh environments (such as strong acid, high temperature).

The melting point is as high as 1030-1080°C, the thermal conductivity is 360 W/m·K, and it is suitable for high-temperature applications.

Diverse application scenarios


It is used in electrical conductors, waveguides, railway contact lines, high-strength transmission lines and heating elements.

The spring has outstanding performance and strong resistance to stress relaxation. It is suitable for scenes that require repeated bending, such as telephone lines and aviation wires.

Environmental protection and energy saving


The continuous pulling and retracting technology and large-capacity retracting and releasing technology are used in the production process to improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption.

FAQ

Q1:Do you provide samples? Is it free or extra?
A1:Yes, we can provide samples free of charge and the customer will pay the freight.
Q2:What if I don't have export experience ?
A2:We have reliable forwarder agent which can ship items to you by sea/air/Express to your doorstep. Any way, we will help you choose the most suitable shipping service.
Q3:How long is your lead time?
A3:If it is in stock, it is usually 5-10 days. Or, if there is no inventory, 15 days, depending on the quantity.
Q4:What are your terms of payment?
A4:30% T/T deposit in advance, 70% T/T balance within 5 days after B/L copy, 100%.Irrevocable L/C at sight, 100% Irrevocable L/C after receive B/L 30-120 days, O/A.
Q5:How is your technical support?
A5:We provide lifetime online support through Whatsapp/ Skype/ Wechat/ Email. Any problem after delivery, we will offer you call anytime.

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