C84400, classified as a leaded semi-red brass alloy, is a copper-based material renowned for its balanced combination of machinability, castability, and cost-effectiveness. It contains 78–82% copper (Cu), 6–8% lead (Pb), 7–10% zinc (Zn), 2.3–3.5% tin (Sn), and trace amounts of nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and other elements . The inclusion of lead enhances pressure sealing and low-load bearing capabilities, making it ideal for plumbing, valves, and decorative fixtures .